It’s impossible to explore Europe without being captivated by its stunning landscapes, rich history, and incredible variety of art and cuisine.
The Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família (Expiatory Temple of the Holy Family) is often considered the ultimate symbol of Barcelona. For many residents and visitors alike, it’s the one landmark you simply cannot miss in the Catalan capital.
Originally planned as a modest Roman Catholic church dedicated to Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, it eventually evolved into a grand monument of Catalan Modernism. In 2010, Pope Benedict XVI elevated it to the status of a basilica.
Designed by the visionary architect Antoni Gaudí, the Sagrada Família is a physical expression of his belief that nature is God’s creation. Gaudí fused biblical themes with natural symbolism—using organic, geometric forms throughout its columns, facades, pinnacles, and stained glass windows.
Though still under construction more than a century later, it remains an architectural wonder and one of Spain’s most visited monuments, drawing 4.7 million visitors in 2019.
The story of the Sagrada Família is one of persistence and inspiration.
In 1882, Josep Maria Bocabella, a local bookseller, envisioned an expiatory temple dedicated to the Holy Family. The initial design, by architect Francisco de Paula del Villar, followed a neo-Gothic style. But after disagreements with Bocabella, Gaudí took over the project and completely transformed its direction.
Gaudí imagined a church with three grand facades, each representing a key moment in Jesus’s life: Nativity, Passion, and Glory. His aim was to integrate religious stories with natural forms—making every part of the church a symbol in itself.
When construction of the Nativity Facade began in 1891, Gaudí realized he wouldn’t live to see the church completed. Prioritizing the exterior to ensure its survival, he devoted his final years entirely to the project. After finishing Casa Milà (La Pedrera) in 1912, he focused solely on the basilica until his death in 1926. Gaudí is buried in the crypt of the Sagrada Família.
During the Spanish Civil War (1936–39), anarchists set fire to parts of the building, destroying many of Gaudí’s original plans. Still, some documents and models were recovered, and construction resumed in 1954.
Despite modern technology, architects still find it challenging to replicate Gaudí’s intricate geometric forms. Adding to the complexity, the Sagrada Família has always relied on private donations, with major slowdowns during periods like the Civil War and post-war years.
It wasn’t until after the 1992 Barcelona Olympics that international interest spiked, helping to boost funds and speed up construction. Completion was initially set for 2026, marking 100 years since Gaudí’s death. However, the COVID-19 pandemic delayed progress, and a new target date has not yet been announced.
The site is divided into four main areas: the Basilica, School Building, Gaudí Museum, and the Towers.
The basilica features five naves shaped like a Latin cross. Its forest-like interior is supported by angled columns that mimic tree trunks, creating a peaceful, otherworldly atmosphere illuminated by colorful light from the stained glass.
This area showcases a recreation of Gaudí’s workshop, along with original tools, drawings, and models that illustrate his creative process.
Built in 1909 for the workers’ children, this small building reflects the same organic forms as other Gaudí structures, like Casa Milà.
The Sagrada Família will eventually feature 18 towers, representing the 12 Apostles, the Virgin Mary, the 4 Evangelists, and Jesus Christ. Each facade is linked to a phase of Christ’s life:
The Nativity Facade (built by Gaudí) was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005.
The Passion Facade, with a more abstract design by Josep Maria Subirachs, has sparked debate.
The Glory Facade, still under construction, will be the most grand and dramatic of all.
The basilica is open daily, with hours adjusted for special events. A complete visit takes around 2–3 hours. To avoid crowds, visit on weekday mornings.
General admission (with audio guide in 16 languages): €26
Guided tour (available in 6 languages, includes free time after tour): €27
Currently, only the basilica is open to visitors due to post-pandemic regulations.
The Sagrada Família is located at 401 Carrer de Mallorca, in the Eixample district.
Take Metro lines 2 or 5 to the Sagrada Família station. It’s also a 30–40 minute walk from Barcelona’s Old City.
After visiting the basilica, take time to explore the Right Eixample, home to several cultural landmarks:
Hospital Sant Pau – Designed by Lluís Domènech i Montaner, another Catalan Modernist icon
Monumental – A historic bullring turned event venue
Arc de Triomf & Parc de la Ciutadella – A beautiful tree-lined promenade leading to Barcelona’s largest park
Most restaurants near the basilica are tourist-focused. For a more authentic experience, walk a few blocks into the local side of l’Eixample:
Hasta Los Andares – Tapas and wine
La Granota – Specializes in Spanish tortillas
Olé Mallorca – Traditional Catalan cuisine (best during lunch: 2–3pm)
Puiggròs – A century-old bakery perfect for a morning stop
With over 600 rooms spread across 11 levels, Kungliga Slottet (the Royal Palace) dominates the northern edge of Gamla Stan, Stockholm’s Old Town. It serves as the official residence of the Swedish monarch and functions as both a working royal building and a historical landmark. The palace showcases baroque and rococo interiors, with furnishings reflecting nearly four centuries of changing royal tastes.
A Look Back at the Palace’s History
The story of the Royal Palace begins in the mid-13th century when Birger Jarl, the founder of Stockholm, built a stone fortress on this site. Under the Vasa kings in the 16th and 17th centuries, it was transformed into a Renaissance palace known as Tre Kronor, named for the three gilded crowns added to the main tower in 1588.
Following the end of the Thirty Years’ War in 1648, Sweden entered an age of growing influence. In 1692, architect Nicodemus Tessin the Younger began major reconstruction, giving the northern wing its baroque character. However, a fire in 1697 destroyed most of the palace, sparing only the newly renovated north wing. Tessin quickly drafted plans for a new palace, originally estimated to take six years to complete. In reality, it took almost 60 years before the royal family could move back in.
Museum Tre Kronor
Traces of the original Tre Kronor palace can still be found in the north wing. Rather than demolish the old structure, Tessin built over it. Begin your tour here to follow the palace’s transformation over the centuries.
The entrance on Slottskajen leads through 14th-century walls over five meters thick. Inside, exhibits include architectural models and items recovered from the fire, illustrating the site’s evolution from a defensive fortress to a Renaissance royal residence.
The Royal Apartments
These lavish rooms are still used today for royal events, state functions, and ceremonial gatherings. The interiors reflect the personal styles of each monarch, starting with King Adolf Fredrik and Queen Lovisa Ulrika, who moved in in 1754. They lived in what is now called the Bernadotte wing, named after the current royal family, which has reigned since 1818. The last royals to reside here were King Oscar II and Queen Sofia, whose portraits are displayed alongside others from the Bernadotte lineage.
The State Apartments include nine rooms, such as the bedroom where Gustav III died in 1792, two weeks after being shot at a masquerade ball. Other highlights include Karl XI’s Gallery, inspired by the Hall of Mirrors in Versailles, and the Don Quixote Room, decorated with tapestries depicting scenes from Cervantes’ classic novel. The Hall of State, featuring Queen Kristina’s silver throne—gifted for her coronation in 1650—is another standout.
The Royal Apartments are open year-round, but some sections may close during official functions. Visitors are advised to check the official website for current information.
The Royal Treasury
Located in underground vaults accessed via Slottsbacken, the Royal Treasury holds crowns, regalia, and other state symbols from the 16th and 17th centuries. Among the oldest items are swords that belonged to Gustav Vasa, Sweden’s first monarch of the Vasa dynasty, who began his reign in 1523. The collection also features the crown, orb, scepter, and state key made for Erik XIV in 1561.
Sweden’s last coronation was held in 1873 for King Oscar II. His son Gustaf V chose not to be formally crowned in 1907. Today, the regalia are used only for symbolic purposes during ceremonies such as royal baptisms, weddings, and funerals.
One of the more recent ceremonial items is a silver baptismal font from 1696, still in use today. It was last used in 2016 for Prince Oscar, the son of Crown Princess Victoria and Prince Daniel.
Gustav III’s Museum of Antiquities
Housed in the palace’s northeastern wing, this museum showcases sculptures collected by King Gustav III during a journey to Italy in the 1780s. The main gallery features a statue of Endymion, a beautiful mortal loved by the moon goddess Selene. Alongside him are statues of the nine muses and various Roman deities. A smaller gallery displays a series of Roman portrait busts.
This museum is open seasonally from mid-May through mid-September.
The Royal Chapel
A church has stood at the palace site since the 13th century, but the current chapel was designed by Tessin and completed by Carl Hårleman after the fire. The previous chapel was destroyed just months after its inauguration in 1697.
Today’s chapel is open to the public during the summer season.
The Changing of the Guard
One of the palace’s most popular traditions is the changing of the guard. This ceremony takes place in the outer courtyard at 12:15 pm daily (1:15 pm on Sundays and holidays), lasting around 40 minutes.
From late April through August, the guards parade through central Stockholm, dressed in their signature blue uniforms and polished helmets. In September and October, the parade is held on Wednesdays, Saturdays, and Sundays. More details on routes and times can be found on the Swedish Armed Forces website.
Tickets and Visitor Information
Admission costs 140 SEK (about $16) for adults and 70 SEK (about $8) for children aged 7–17. This ticket grants access to all attractions within the Royal Palace, including Museum Tre Kronor, the Royal Apartments, the Treasury, the Chapel, and Gustav III’s Museum.
Combination tickets are available for the palace and Riddarholmskyrkan, a nearby medieval church where most Swedish royals before 1950 are buried.
Guided tours of the Royal Apartments are offered in English at 10:30 am and 1:30 pm, with an additional 3:30 pm tour from June to August. Tours cost an extra 30 SEK (about $3.50), with no additional charge for children under 18 beyond regular admission. English-language tours of the Royal Treasury begin at 2:30 pm daily. Free audio guides are available for download or can be borrowed on site for the Bernadotte Apartments and Gustav III’s Museum.
Current Restrictions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, only the Royal Apartments are open to visitors, with timed entry. Guided tours are suspended, and audio guides are available only through download. The guard ceremony is also suspended until further notice.
Other Attractions: The Royal Armoury
Located off Slottsbacken, the Royal Armoury (Livrustkammaren) is a free museum that explores the history of Sweden’s monarchy since 1523 through royal garments, armor, and personal items. It can be accessed separately from the palace.
The Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam offers an intimate look into the life and artistic evolution of Vincent van Gogh. Home to the world’s largest collection of his work, the museum features over 200 paintings, alongside 500 drawings and 700 handwritten letters. From his early, somber portraits painted in the Dutch countryside to the vibrant, emotional masterpieces created in France, the collection captures the full range of Van Gogh’s artistry.
Set across four levels, the museum is designed to be explored chronologically, beginning on the ground floor (Floor 0) and moving up to Floor 3. Visitors are advised to allow at least two hours to fully appreciate the exhibits.
Paintings and Artistic Highlights
Although Van Gogh’s work is housed in collections around the world, this museum holds the most extensive and comprehensive selection. In addition to Van Gogh’s own works, you’ll also find pieces by contemporaries such as Gauguin, Toulouse-Lautrec, and Monet.
The earliest section includes paintings from 1883 to 1885, when Van Gogh focused on peasant life. A key example is The Potato Eaters (1885), which portrays rural laborers with raw emotional intensity. Around the same time, he painted the haunting Skull of a Skeleton with Burning Cigarette (1886) during his studies in Antwerp.
After moving to Paris in 1886, Van Gogh began experimenting with color and technique. He painted numerous self-portraits to practice without hiring models. One of the best known, Self-Portrait with Grey Felt Hat (1887–1888), marks a turning point in his use of color and brushwork.
In 1888, he relocated to Arles in Provence, hoping to form an artists’ community. This period produced some of his most iconic paintings, including Sunflowers and The Yellow House, a depiction of his home in Arles.
His final months in 1890 were spent in northern France. During this time, he painted Wheatfield with Crows, a dramatic and foreboding landscape thought to reflect his troubled state of mind shortly before his death.
The museum also features listening stations where visitors can hear recordings of Van Gogh’s personal letters—mainly exchanged with his brother, Theo. These letters offer deep insight into his thoughts, struggles, and relationship with the man who supported his artistic journey.
Museum History
After Van Gogh’s death in 1890, his works were inherited by his brother Theo. When Theo died a year later, the collection passed to his wife, Jo van Gogh-Bonger, and later to their son, Vincent Willem van Gogh. The collection was initially loaned to the Stedelijk Museum, but a dedicated museum was eventually created to house it.
Opened in 1973, the main building was designed by Dutch architect Gerrit Rietveld, a key figure in the De Stijl movement. In 1999, a modern exhibition wing designed by Kisho Kurokawa was added. A further expansion in 2015 introduced a sleek new entrance hall and an additional 800 square meters of gallery space.
Tours and Audio Guides
The museum typically offers 50-minute guided tours (in Dutch) for small groups. However, these were suspended during the COVID-19 pandemic. Visitors can still access a free audio guide, which can be downloaded to a smartphone or borrowed on site.
Opening Hours and Best Times to Visit
Opening times vary depending on the season. During the summer (July to September), the museum usually opens daily from 9 am to 6 pm. In other months, opening hours are typically 10 am to 5 pm on weekdays and extended to 6 pm on weekends. Winter hours may be more limited, and the museum can be closed on Mondays, so check the official website before your visit.
To avoid crowds, aim to arrive before 11 am or after 3 pm.
Location and Tickets
The museum is located at Museumplein in the heart of Amsterdam. All tickets must be booked online in advance and include timed entry. A standard ticket costs €19 for adults. Admission is free for visitors under 18.
Museumkaart and I Amsterdam cardholders enjoy free entry but must also reserve a timeslot online.
Nearby Dining Options
There are several excellent restaurants near the museum:
Rijks: Located in the Rijksmuseum, this Michelin-starred restaurant led by chef Joris Bijdendijk offers inventive Dutch cuisine made from local ingredients and rooted in slow food principles.
Hap Hmm: A cozy, family-style eatery with a rotating menu of traditional Dutch dishes such as beef stew and chicken casserole, accompanied by classic boiled vegetables. Note that they do not accept credit cards.
Renzo’s: A deli offering Italian-style hot and cold dishes, from pasta to meatballs and salads. It’s ideal for a quick sit-down meal or takeaway to enjoy in nearby Museumplein.
Where to Stay
Several notable hotels are within walking distance of the museum:
Hilton Amsterdam: Famous for hosting John and Yoko’s “bed-in for peace” in 1969.
Conscious Hotel Museum Square: A sustainable hotel with recycled furniture and a peaceful garden terrace.
Conservatorium Hotel: The closest and most luxurious option, this five-star hotel features stylish rooms, a grand covered courtyard, and modern amenities—just a one-minute walk from the museum.
Rijksmuseum or Van Gogh Museum?
If you have the energy, you could try visiting both the Van Gogh Museum and the nearby Rijksmuseum in one day. However, the Rijksmuseum alone spans over 1.5 kilometers of gallery space, so spreading the visits over two days is more enjoyable.
If your main interest is Van Gogh, the Van Gogh Museum is the better choice. The Rijksmuseum includes only a few of his pieces but offers a broader overview of Dutch art history, including works by Rembrandt, Vermeer, and Jan Steen.
If the world’s greatest masterpieces are said to be created for the glory of God, then the Abbey Library of St Gallen is a silent prayer rendered in wood, parchment and light. Whether or not you’re religious, this extraordinary space has a way of commanding reverence. As you step onto the creaking wooden floor, breathe in the scent of centuries-old manuscripts, and look up at the ornate stucco ceiling adorned with biblical frescoes and playful cherubic figures, you may find yourself momentarily hushed.
With its shelves lined with over 170,000 leather-bound volumes, a grand terrestrial and celestial globe, and some of the most valuable medieval manuscripts in existence, the Abbey Library is not just a repository of texts, but a profound cultural treasure. Today, it stands at the heart of the UNESCO-listed Abbey District of St Gallen – a place that has drawn pilgrims, scholars and admirers for over a millennium.
A Brief History of the Abbey Library
According to local legend, the story of St Gallen began in 612 AD with an Irish monk named Gallus, a bush, and a bear. After falling into a briar and interpreting it as a divine sign, Gallus settled in the area. He is said to have persuaded a bear to fetch him a log, accepted it as a gift, and used it to build a hermitage.
Whether myth or metaphor, Gallus’s humble dwelling became the foundation of a powerful Benedictine abbey. Officially founded in 747 AD by Abbot Otmar, the monastery soon grew into one of the most significant religious and cultural centers in Europe. Monks from across the continent came here to pray, study, and copy manuscripts by hand—an arduous task requiring patience, precision, and inner calm.
Through the Middle Ages, the abbey and its library flourished, nurturing generations of scholars and artists, including figures such as Notker Balbulus and Ekkehart IV. The abbey survived fire, war, and even the turbulence of the Reformation. In the 18th century, renowned baroque architect Peter Thumb was commissioned to redesign the abbey complex, creating the splendid library we see today. The abbey was dissolved in 1805, but the church became a cathedral in 1848, and the entire site was granted UNESCO World Heritage status in 1983.
Architectural Splendor
Completed just before Peter Thumb’s death in 1767, the library is one of the finest examples of rococo architecture. The space is adorned with curling stucco, vibrant frescoes depicting early church councils, and plump cherubs symbolizing professions from poetry to astronomy.
A graceful balcony rings the upper level, and light floods in through 34 windows, illuminating bookshelves carved from cherry and walnut wood. Above the entrance, a sign held by golden cherubs reads “psyché iatreio” – Greek for “healing place of the soul.”
Literary Treasures and Historical Artefacts
Only about 30,000 of the library’s 170,000 volumes are displayed at any time, often as part of themed exhibitions. Among its rarest treasures are 1,650 incunabula (books printed before 1501) and 2,100 manuscripts, many of which are remarkably well-preserved. The oldest, written in 760 by the monk Winithar, includes a complaint about the lack of available parchment.
The library’s prized pieces include:
Cod Sang 555, a 9th-century manuscript containing the oldest known image of St Columba.
A beautifully illustrated version of the Rule of St Benedict.
A rare 13th-century manuscript of the Nibelungenlied (The Song of the Nibelungs), one of the most important works of medieval German literature.
St Gallen Globe
Among the most captivating features is the globe—a stunning replica of a 16th-century earth and celestial model, over two metres tall. The original was lost more than 400 years ago, but the replica evokes a spirit of exploration, complete with the omissions of lands that were yet undiscovered at the time.
The Vaulted Cellar and Lapidarium
Beneath the library, a vaulted cellar contains the Lapidarium, where you’ll find sculptural fragments from the Carolingian, Ottonian, and Gothic periods. A standout exhibit here is the Evangelium Longum, an illuminated 9th-century gospel book with a detailed ivory cover, attributed to the monk and artist Tuotilo.
Shepenese, the Egyptian Mummy
An unexpected gem in the collection is Shepenese, an Egyptian mummy dating back to 700 BC. Gifted to the mayor of St Gallen in 1820, she was a priest’s daughter from the Deir el-Bahri Temple Complex and lived during the Saite Dynasty. Two wooden sarcophagi accompany her in the exhibit.
Dom St Gallen (St Gallen Cathedral)
The adjoining cathedral, built in the same period as the library, is a masterwork of late baroque transitioning into classicism. Its mint-green stucco, rose-marble columns, and richly frescoed ceilings create a powerful atmosphere. The dome depicts a celestial vision with the Holy Trinity at the centre. If possible, attend one of the Dommusik concerts to fully appreciate the space’s acoustics and spiritual resonance.
Exploring the Old Town
St Gallen’s Altstadt (Old Town) is a delight to wander, with over 100 ornately carved oriel windows (Erker) adorning its historic homes. Streets like Gallusplatz, Spisergasse, Schmiedgasse, and Kugelgasse are filled with hidden details that speak of the city’s rich textile heritage and past affluence.
Visitor Information
Felt slippers are mandatory to protect the library’s delicate floors and are provided at the entrance.
Photography is strictly prohibited inside the library.
Multilingual audio guides are available at the counter.
A public 45-minute guided tour in German departs daily at 2 pm and is included in the entry ticket (no booking required).
If you visit just one abbey in Switzerland, let it be this one. The Abbey Library of St Gallen is not merely a place to admire the past—it is a living reminder of humanity’s enduring devotion to knowledge, beauty, and the written word.
Once the symbol of Amalfi’s medieval might, the Cattedrale di Sant’Andrea remains the town’s most iconic monument. Towering above the bustling Piazza Duomo, the cathedral invites admiration from every angle. Its grand staircase, ascending 62 steps and elevating the structure 20 metres above street level, has become a rite of passage for visitors—no trip to Amalfi feels complete without pausing for a photo here.
A Monument to Centuries of Influence
The cathedral is a striking reflection of Amalfi’s history as a Mediterranean crossroads. Its eclectic architecture mirrors the many cultural influences that shaped the region over centuries. The complex includes the main cathedral, a 13th-century atrium, the Moorish-inspired Cloister of Paradise, the early Christian Basilica of the Crucifix, and the richly adorned Crypt of St. Andrew.
The Duomo’s origins trace back to the 6th century. In the 13th century, a new structure was added to house the relics of St. Andrew the Apostle, brought from Constantinople in 1208 after the Fourth Crusade. Over time, successive renovations layered Romanesque, Gothic, Baroque and Moorish influences onto the site, creating the richly textured monument we see today.
Making the Most of Your Visit
Begin in Piazza Duomo, the cathedral square, and take time to view the façade from multiple vantage points—some say the best angle is from the harbor, where the cathedral rises between the pastel buildings of Amalfi’s old town.
At the base of the stairs, admire the cathedral’s elaborate exterior: geometric patterns, striped arches, and colourful mosaics depicting saints. Climb to the atrium, where Amalfi’s prosperity is revealed in the massive bronze doors cast in Constantinople in 1057—the first of their kind in Italy.
From the shaded atrium, step aside to the triple-arched windows and look out over the staircase. The contrast of shadow and light makes this spot popular for photographs.
The Cloister of Paradise
To the right of the atrium lies the Chiostro del Paradiso, or Cloister of Paradise, built in the 1260s as a burial site for Amalfi’s noble families. This serene courtyard is encircled by 120 slender columns topped with Arabic-style arches, enclosing a quiet Mediterranean garden. White marble contrasts vividly with the greenery, and palm fronds frame views of the cathedral’s majolica-tiled bell tower.
As you walk the perimeter, look closely at fragments of medieval frescoes, colourful mosaics, and ancient sarcophagi depicting mythological scenes. The atmosphere is hushed—visitors instinctively lower their voices in respect.
The Basilica of the Crucifix and the Crypt of St. Andrew
Next, enter the Basilica of the Crucifix, Amalfi’s original church from the 6th century. Now home to the Diocesan Museum, it displays religious artefacts, frescoes, and treasures from the cathedral’s history. Roman columns and capitals still support the structure, lending it a timeless presence.
From here, descend into the crypt. Unlike many crypts, it feels peaceful rather than solemn—cool, quiet, and filled with light. This baroque space houses the remains of St. Andrew the Apostle. Frescoes, stuccoed ceilings, and sculptures commissioned by King Philip III of Spain surround the tomb.
At the heart of the crypt lies a sacred ampulla said to contain the “manna” of St. Andrew—a mysterious liquid that appears each year on his feast days, June 27 and November 30. These miracles are celebrated with processions and festivals, offering a unique glimpse into Amalfi’s living traditions.
The Cathedral Interior
Back above ground, the main cathedral reveals its later Baroque transformation. The gilded ceiling is a highlight, featuring four painted vaults that illustrate scenes from St. Andrew’s life. The main altar holds a dramatic depiction of his crucifixion by Francesco Solimena.
Each side chapel tells a different story. Together, they showcase a remarkable blend of artistic styles—Romanesque stonework, Moorish arches, Gothic details, Renaissance paintings, and Rococo ornamentation—all layered in one continuous narrative.
Opening Hours and Entry
Entry to the main cathedral is free during religious services. To access the full Monumental Complex—including the Cloister, Crypt, and Basilica of the Crucifix—visitors must purchase a ticket (€3).
Opening hours vary seasonally:
March to June: 9:00 am – 6:45 pm
July to September: 9:00 am – 7:45 pm
November to February: 10:00 am – 1:00 pm and 2:30 pm – 4:30 pm
Appropriate dress is required, as the cathedral remains an active place of worship.
A Final Stop: The Fountain of St. Andrew
Before or after your visit, stop at the Fontana di Sant’Andrea, located at the centre of Piazza Duomo. This marble Baroque fountain features the apostle with his cross, along with sirens, satyrs, and an eagle—symbols from classical mythology sculpted in the 16th century. It’s a small but charming counterpoint to the grandeur of the Duomo above.
La Rambla is a vibrant, tree-lined boulevard that stretches from Plaça de Catalunya to the old harbor, weaving through the historic heart of Barcelona. Famous for its flower stalls, striking facades, and certified human statues, it’s a place where architecture, street life, and culture meet. While often crowded and occasionally targeted by pickpockets, La Rambla remains an essential stop for first-time visitors.
Food lovers should make their way to Mercat de la Boqueria, often regarded as one of Europe’s best gourmet markets, where fresh produce and tapas stalls tempt the palate.
A Short History of La Rambla
Unlike many of Barcelona’s iconic landmarks, La Rambla’s origins are humble. Its name derives from the Arabic word ramla, meaning sandy riverbed. For centuries, the boulevard was a seasonal stream called Riera d’en Malla, which carried water from the Collserola hills.
In the 15th century, city planners diverted the stream to expand Barcelona’s fortified walls, creating the open space that would become La Rambla. Over the following centuries, convents and monasteries sprang up along the street, though most were destroyed in the anti-clerical uprisings of 1835.
The 19th century brought renewal. Important landmarks such as Plaça Reial, the Boqueria Market, Teatre Liceu, and the Font de Canaletes were all built during this period, transforming the area into a vibrant center of city life.
In recent years, mass tourism has altered the boulevard’s character. The area was especially hard hit during the COVID-19 pandemic, prompting restaurants to offer steep discounts in a bid to draw locals back. Still, La Rambla remains a fascinating place to stroll, observe, and enjoy the pulse of the city.
La Rambla or Les Rambles?
Visitors may hear both names used interchangeably. La Rambla refers to the full length of the boulevard, while Les Rambles reflects its five distinct sections. Understanding these divisions can help structure your visit.
Exploring the Five Sections of La Rambla
La Rambla de Canaletes
Begin at the top, near Plaça de Catalunya, where you’ll find the Font de Canaletes. According to local legend, drinking from the fountain guarantees a return to Barcelona. This area also serves as a gathering point for FC Barcelona supporters during major victories. Just down the boulevard is the Església de Betlem, a baroque church that survived the 1835 uprisings.
La Rambla dels Estudis
Named after the Estudi General de Barcelona, a 16th-century university that preceded the modern-day Universitat de Barcelona, this section retains a scholarly air.
La Rambla de les Flors
Once the only spot in the city where flowers could be sold, this stretch is home to the historic flower market and a colorful pavement mosaic by Joan Miró. It also includes the neoclassical Virreina Palace and a memorial to the victims of the 2017 terrorist attack.
La Rambla dels Caputxins
This lively portion takes its name from a former Capuchin monastery. It’s home to the famous Mercat de la Boqueria. Inside, Pinocho Bar remains a favorite for tapas, especially the calamarcets amb mongetes de Santa Pau. Across the street, the Erotic Museum offers an offbeat dive into the cultural history of sexuality.
La Rambla de Santa Mònica
The final stretch leads to the Columbus Monument overlooking the harbor. This section includes the Centre d’Art Santa Mònica and offers access to the waterfront promenade that eventually leads to Barceloneta beach.
Getting to La Rambla
Plaça Catalunya marks the northern starting point, accessible via Metro Lines 1 and 3, and the FGC rail system.
Liceu and Drassanes Metro stations (Line 3) provide access to the central and southern sections.
Nearby Attractions
La Rambla divides the Gothic Quarter and El Raval:
Gothic Quarter: Known for its narrow medieval lanes and architectural gems, including the stunning Barcelona Cathedral.
El Raval: A dynamic neighborhood home to the Museum of Contemporary Art and La Rambla del Raval, a peaceful alternative to the main boulevard, complete with Botero’s famous cat sculpture.
Passeig de Gràcia: North of Plaça Catalunya, this elegant avenue features two of Gaudí’s masterpieces: Casa Batlló and La Pedrera.
Where to Eat Near La Rambla
While most restaurants along the boulevard cater to tourists and are often overpriced, better options lie just a few steps into the surrounding neighborhoods.
In the Gothic Quarter:
Agut offers authentic Catalan cuisine, while Neri serves refined modern dishes in a stylish setting. For casual tapas, Babia is a solid choice.
In El Raval:
Arume is renowned for its Galician seafood dishes, especially the octopus. Bar Cañete is a classic, offering a quintessential Spanish dining experience. If you’re craving something different, Buenissimo Burger is a reliable stop for comfort food.
A Note to Visitors
While La Rambla is an essential part of Barcelona’s cultural landscape, it’s wise to stay alert to pickpocketing and avoid dining directly on the boulevard. That said, a leisurely stroll—admiring the facades, browsing the markets, and enjoying a drink or two—is one of the city’s simple pleasures.
Sphinx Observation Deck
Perched on a rocky spur, this viewing platform delivers unforgettable vistas of the Aletsch Glacier, shimmering across 23 kilometres of snowy wilderness. On clear days, you can see as far as the Black Forest in Germany. The Sphinx is also home to one of the world’s highest astronomical observatories.
Snow Fun Park
Even in summer, there’s guaranteed snow up here. Try the zip line (flying fox), race down the slope on a snow tube or sled, or glide through the powder on skis or a snowboard. Day passes are available, and gear can be rented on site.
Ice Palace
Step inside a tunnel of ice, with polished floors and shimmering walls. Carved in the 1930s by mountain guides using axes and saws, the Ice Palace is filled with frozen sculptures of animals native to the Alps – eagles, bears and ibexes – preserved in crystal-like stillness.
Aletsch Glacier Adventures
Visible from the observation deck, the Aletsch Glacier is a highlight of the Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch UNESCO World Heritage Site. For the more adventurous, guided two-day hikes across the glacier are available between June and October.
Planning Your Visit
When to Go
For a quieter experience, visit early in the morning, late in the afternoon, or outside peak season. The first train of the day offers peaceful views, and staying overnight at Mönchsjochhütte gives you the glacier practically to yourself. Bring warm clothes, sunglasses and sunscreen – snow and sun are year-round companions up here.
How to Get There
A new Eiger Express tri-cable gondola from Grindelwald to the Eiger Glacier station slashes travel time and provides jaw-dropping views of the north face of Eiger.
You can reach Jungfraujoch via two routes from Interlaken Ost:
Via Lauterbrunnen – Wengen – Kleine Scheidegg (approx. 2 hrs 15 min)
Via Grindelwald – Eiger Express – Eiger Glacier Station (approx. 1 hr 30 min)
From late May to October, the first train leaves Interlaken at 6:35am, with the last return from Jungfraujoch at 5:47pm. Seats can be reserved for a small additional fee.
Where to Stay and Eat
Mönchsjochhütte is just a 45-minute snow hike from Jungfraujoch and sits at 3,650m – the highest serviced hut in Switzerland. It’s simple but unforgettable. Dorm beds, mountain meals, and jaw-dropping views are the reward. It’s a favourite among climbers, glacier trekkers, and early risers chasing the sunrise. Open from mid-March to mid-October.
Be prepared for basic amenities: meltwater for washing, shared dorms, and alpine starts. Breakfast is served from 2am to 7:30am, so you can catch the light hitting the peaks.
Save with Travel Passes
Jungfrau Travel Pass: Unlimited access to mountain trains, funiculars and cable cars in the region, plus discounted access to Jungfraujoch.
Top of Europe Pass (available mid-April to late November): Includes unlimited travel in the region and unlimited trips to Jungfraujoch during the pass duration.
Children travel at steeply reduced rates.
The Prado is one of the world’s most dazzling art museums. Located on the Paseo del Prado, it sits in the heart of Madrid’s Golden Triangle of Art, now a UNESCO World Heritage site. The museum’s vast European collection ranges from medieval to early modern masterpieces, attracting visitors worldwide.
Among the many renowned artists are Rubens, El Greco, Bruegel, Dürer, Raphael, Caravaggio, and Rembrandt. Yet it’s the Spanish masters who truly captivate visitors — especially Velázquez’s enigmatic Las Meninas and Goya’s haunting Black Paintings, heralding the dawn of modern art.
The rooms around the most famous works often get crowded. For a quieter break, visit room 51C on the ground floor to see 12th-century frescoes from two hermitages. The Mozarabic paintings from the Hermitage of San Baudelio offer a rare glimpse into the art of Christians living under Muslim rule during Al-Ándalus.
If you have 30 minutes
Head straight to the central oval room on the first floor to see Las Meninas, Velázquez’s masterpiece. The painting features the five-year-old Infanta Margarita surrounded by attendants, with the artist himself painted in shadow on the left. A mirror above reflects King Felipe IV and Queen Mariana — raising intriguing questions about the scene’s true focus.
Nearby, admire works by Velázquez’s contemporaries like El Greco, Rubens, Titian, and Jusepe de Ribera, whose dramatic saint portraits highlight his status as a 17th-century master.
If you have 90 minutes
Descend to the ground floor to explore Hieronymus Bosch’s Garden of Earthly Delights (circa 1490–1500). This triptych is packed with surreal, often risqué imagery that serves as a morality tale, showing sin’s consequences in hell on the right panel.
On your way, view a striking portrait of King Felipe II, painted by Sofonisba Anguissola — one of the few celebrated female painters of the Renaissance. Also nearby are Bruegel’s Triumph of Death, Dürer’s Adam and Eve, and Van der Weyden’s The Descent from the Cross.
If you have half a day
Focus on the Prado’s three major highlights: Las Meninas, Garden of Earthly Delights, and Goya’s Black Paintings in room 67. These works remain powerfully relevant today — Bosch for his bizarre imagery, Velázquez for his innovative composition, and Goya for his dramatic break from traditional art.
Goya’s Black Paintings were created late in life when he lived in isolation, deeply affected by war and personal suffering. Other Goya works in the museum display his earlier, more traditional style. To lighten the mood, don’t miss Joaquín Sorolla’s radiant paintings, a master of shimmering light.
The Prado building was originally intended as a science museum, with construction beginning in 1785. However, Napoleon’s troops occupied the unfinished structure in 1808. After King Fernando VII’s restoration, the royal art collection was housed there, and the museum opened to the public on November 10, 1819.
Tickets: €15 for entry and special exhibitions.
Guided tours: An hour-and-a-half tour with staff costs an additional €10.
Audio guide: Available for €5.
Prado Guide app: Free to download but requires in-app purchases for useful content.
To avoid long queues, buy tickets online from the official Prado website. The museum is busiest midday, so arrive at opening (10am) or around 3pm for a quieter visit. Entry is free in the evenings (6–8pm, and 5–7pm on Sundays), but queues can be long.
